Hysteroscopic Surgery

Hysteroscopic surgery is a minimally invasive surgical procedure performed to diagnose and treat various conditions affecting the uterus, such as abnormal bleeding, polyps, fibroids, and adhesions (scar tissue). The procedure involves inserting a hysteroscope, a thin, lighted tube with a camera attached, through the vagina and cervix into the uterus

There are two main types of hysteroscopic surgery:

Diagnostic Hysteroscopy: This procedure is primarily used to diagnose conditions within the uterus. A hysteroscope is inserted into the uterus, allowing the doctor to view the uterine cavity and identify any abnormalities. Diagnostic hysteroscopy is often performed to investigate abnormal bleeding, recurrent miscarriages, or infertility.

Operative Hysteroscopy: In this type of hysteroscopic surgery, the doctor not only diagnoses but also treats any identified abnormalities within the uterus. Using specialized instruments inserted through the hysteroscope, the surgeon can remove polyps, fibroids, adhesions, or perform other surgical procedures to correct issues such as uterine septum or intrauterine adhesions.

Diagnostic Hysteroscopy Procedure:

Preparation: Before the procedure, the patient may receive medications to help relax and possibly a mild sedative to ease any discomfort. The patient may also be asked to empty their bladder.

Positioning: The patient lies on their back on an examination table with their feet placed in stirrups, similar to a pelvic exam.

Insertion of the Hysteroscope: The doctor gently inserts a speculum into the vagina to hold it open and then inserts the hysteroscope through the cervix into the uterus. Carbon dioxide gas or a saline solution may be used to expand the uterus, providing a better view.

Visualization: As the hysteroscope is advanced into the uterus, the camera attached to it sends images to a monitor, allowing the doctor to visualize the uterine cavity and identify any abnormalities.

Evaluation: The doctor carefully examines the uterine lining, looking for abnormalities such as polyps, fibroids, adhesions, or other structural issues. If necessary, small tissue samples (biopsies) may be taken for further examination.

Completion: Once the evaluation is complete, the hysteroscope is removed, and the procedure is finished. The patient can usually return home the same day.

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