Initial Consultation: Patients meet with an oncologist or a team of specialists for an initial consultation. During this appointment, the medical team reviews the patient’s medical history, conducts a physical examination, and discusses symptoms or concerns.
Diagnostic Testing: Patients may undergo diagnostic tests to confirm a suspected cancer diagnosis. These tests include imaging scans such as X-rays, CT scans, MRI scans, PET scans, or ultrasound, as well as laboratory tests like blood tests or biopsies.
Treatment Planning: Once diagnosed, the oncology team devises a personalized treatment plan tailored to the patient’s cancer type, stage, health status, and preferences. Treatment options may include surgery, chemotherapy, radiation therapy, immunotherapy, hormone therapy, or targeted therapy.
Surgery: Surgical procedures are performed to remove cancerous tumors or affected tissue. The type and extent of surgery depend on factors like tumor size, location, and spread.
Chemotherapy: Chemotherapy involves the use of drugs to kill cancer cells or prevent their growth. Treatment may be administered orally, intravenously, or through injections, and the regimen varies based on cancer type and response to treatment.
Radiation Therapy: Radiation therapy uses high-energy rays or particles to target and destroy cancer cells. It may be delivered externally (external beam radiation therapy) or internally (brachytherapy) depending on the treatment plan.
Immunotherapy, Hormone Therapy, and Targeted Therapy: These treatments work to stimulate the immune system, block hormone receptors in hormone-sensitive cancers, or target specific genetic mutations driving cancer growth, respectively.
Monitoring and Supportive Care: Patients receive ongoing monitoring and supportive care throughout treatment to manage side effects, symptoms, and overall well-being. This includes pain management, nutritional support, counseling, and access to supportive services.
Follow-up Care: After active treatment, patients undergo regular follow-up appointments to monitor for cancer recurrence or long-term treatment effects. Follow-up care involves physical examinations, imaging tests, and blood tests to assess health status and detect any recurrence